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Native to Europe, Fagus sylvatica, known as the European Beech, is a deciduous tree highly valued in bonsai for its elegance, fine branching, and small leaves that allow for detailed styling. The leaves are green in spring and summer, turning yellow, orange, or red in autumn. The smooth grey bark becomes more textured with age, adding character to the tree.
Sunlight: Prefers full sun to partial shade. Direct exposure helps maintain vigorous growth and strong autumn colours.
Watering: Keep the soil slightly moist, avoiding waterlogging. Water more frequently during hot summer days.
Humidity: Prefers moderate humidity. Occasional misting benefits foliage health, especially in dry environments.
Pruning: Structural pruning in late winter before bud break. Pinching during the growing season helps maintain shape and stimulate fine branching.
Fertilization: Feed from spring to early autumn with a balanced fertiliser, reducing in late summer.
Repotting: Repot every 2–3 years in early spring. Use a well-draining soil mix (akadama, pumice, and some organic soil).
Flowering and Fruiting: Produces small, inconspicuous flowers in spring, followed by winged seeds. The main interest lies in its form, foliage, and autumn colours.
Data sheet